Journalism And Mass Communication CSS Syllabus. CSS Journalism And Mass Communication Syllabus.
Journalism And Mass Communication CSS Syllabus
I. Introduction to Mass Communication
- Concept – Definitions, Need/Importance/Purposes, Types of Communication, Process of Communication, Basic Models.
- Functions of a model, Evaluation of a model
- Basic models in Mass Communication: –
- Lasswell’s Model (1948)
- Shannon-Weaver model (1948)
- Osgood,s model (1954)
- Schramm’s model (1954)
- Newcomb’s symmetry theory (1953)
- Westley-McLean’s model (1976)
- Gerbner model (1956)
Governance And Public Policies CSS Syllabus
II. Mass Communication Theories
- Normative theories of the press: Schramm’s four theories and criticism on these theories
- Media as agents of power
- The Spiral of silence
- Media Usage and gratifications
- Media hegemony
- Diffusion of innovations
- Powerful effects model: hypodermic needle, magic bullet theory.
- Moderate effects model: two-step and multi-step flow of communication.
- Powerful media revisited: Marshal McLuhan’s media determinism
III. Global / International Communication
- The Historical Context of International Communication
- Globalization, technology, and the mass media
- Communication and Cultural imperialism
- Communication Flow in Global Media: Imbalance in the flow of information between North and South
- McBride commission and its recommendations.
- International Communication in the Internet Age: the new social media and its effects on developing world
IV. Media and Society
- Mass media and social change
- Media as a social system: The balance between interrelation and interdependence
- Media freedom and its role for democracy,
- The functional approach to mass media: four social functions of the media
- Media as an awareness agent
- Mass media and social representation
V. Mass Media in Pakistan:
- Media system in Pakistan: historical, chronological, and analytical review
- The system of journalism and the media system
- Employer-employee relations in Pakistani media
- Government-press relations
- Press in Pakistan: The newspaper industry, from mission to the market
- Electronic media: from total dependence to enormous power
- The new 24/7 television: uses and abuses
- The new radio: potential for change and the present performance.
- The question of freedom and responsibility
VI. Development Support Communication
- Theories of development support communication with specific focus on the developing world
- The dominant paradigm of development: historical, analytical perspective
- The Alternative paradigm of development
- Small is beautiful: community development as a snowball effect.
- Globalization vs Localization
- Glocalization
- Social Marketing: how to infuse new ideas into a developing population
VII. Public Relations:
- Concept of Public Relations
- Historical development of public relations: from press agentry to PR
- Public relation in Pakistan
- Ministry of information
- Press Information Department (PID)
- Public relations and publicity
- PR as a tool for governance
- Private PR agencies and their structure
- Basic methods of PR: press release, press note, press conference
- PR Ethics
VIII. Media Laws and Ethics:
- History of Media Laws in Pakistan
- Development of media regulations from British colonial era to independent Pakistan
- Libel, Defamation and relevant portions of PPC
- PPO, RPPPO
- PEMRA: establishment, development, and operational mechanisms
- Press Council of Pakistan (PCP)
- Citizens Media Commission: need, present status, and reasons for inactivity
- Press Code of Ethics
- Inability of the media to develop a code of ethics as an institution
- The media’s quest for freedom and its inability to self regulate.
